Improvement in roofing-tiles



- Roofing-Tiles. N0. 146,140. Patented lan-6,1874.`

'SNITED STATES BRUNO MOMENTHY, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.`

IMPROVEMENT IN ROOFlNG-TILVES.

,Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 146,140, dated January 6, 18,74; application filed` December 1, 1873.

To all whom 'it may concern:

`the roongtiles in the manner hereinafter described, whereby when laid to form a roof they may be locked and jointed together on all sides, this being true not only of the tiles in each row, but also of the several rows themselves, the joints being so formed that they will shed the rain or moisture, and prevent it from penetrating the roof. Each tile, moreover, can be locked, by an independent fastening, to the substructure upon which the tiles are laid, so that it will bea mat-ter of difficulty to tear or forcibly remove the tile from its position.

I make my improved tile of clay, iron, or any other material suitable for the purpose.

The accompanying'drawing represents the manner in which my invention is or may be carried into effect. i

In Sheet 1, Figure l is a plan of a tile made 4 in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a section on the line A B, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a y section of the line C D, Fig. 1. Fig. dis aplan of the under side of the tile. In Sheet 2, Fig.

- 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a roof formed of my improved tiles. Fig. 2 1s a section of the same in the line ofthe pitch of the i roof.

Referring to' Sheet 1, it will be seen that the tile` is formed with a groovea, on one of its side edges, and with an overhanging flange or tenen, b, on the other side edge, the groove being on the outer face, and the tenon on the inner face, of the tile.

Exterior to the flange or tenon b is the slanting lip c; and the top of the inner one, d, of the two flanges that form the wall of groove a is also made slanting or beveled, as shown at d. Each tile'is formed in this way on its side edges, the object being to provide means for the interlocking of the several tiles in each row; and, it will be seen,

, supposing another tile belaid alongside and to the left of the tile in Fig. 2,.She`e t 1,.that

the tenon b on this second tile will fit in the groove a of the rst tile, while the beveled or slanting lip c of the second tilewill lap upon, and over, and cover, the beveled top d( `of `the ange d of the first tile. This is indicated in Fig. 1, Sheet 2, in theV middle row of the` tiles, A. In the manner thus indicated, the tiles can be laid in rows, and the tiles formingthe row will be interlocked and `held firmly together. By means of the slanting overhangling lip c, in conjunction with the correspondingly-beveled flange d, the water is deiiected,

and prevented from entering `the joint; The

slanting overhangin g lip c does not extend ap? preciably below the beveled top of iiange or Wall cl, and is removed from the main face of the tile, and the joint is thus quite above, and

out `of contact with, any water that may gather or remain on the tile.

Referring again to Sheet l of the drawing,

each tilel is formed at `its top edge with a groove, e, and at its bottom `edge with a flange or tenon, f, exterior to which is an overhang- Y lng slanting hp, g. The inner flange or wall of i groove c 1s slantmg or beveled on top, as 1 shown. (See Fig.`3.) These part-s are substantially similar in construction and operation ,to the parts previously described` for locking together the contiguous sides of `the tiles in each row but in the new position they are designed to lock together, one with another,the several rows of tiles. This is seen in Figs. 1

and 2, Sheet 2, and particularly inFig. 2, where the interlocking of the grooved tops of the tiles of one row with the tenoned bottoms of the tiles of therow next above is clearly represented.

It will be seen, also, that there is the samepro-` vision here as at the sides of the tiles for shed ding the water and preventing it from entering f the joints. I pret'erto provide, on the under:`

side, and near the top:` of each tile, one or more lugs or studs, h, which catch over the `stringi ers or strips ion which the tiles rest, and "thus serve, to some extent, to assure the position of j` the tiles. y j

The tiles can be made very thin and light,

and are, preferably, provided with ribs j k for strengthening them.

The tenons and grooves by which themes are intcrlocked have a taper or wedge-tile form, so that the parts are tightly drawn together, and a close connection is made. But it is de signed, also, to lill the joint with thin mortar or cement, in order to make it absolutely water-proof, even when the roof has a very low pitch. I provide the tile, on its back or under side7 with an eye, l, intended to receive the fastening device, by which the tile may be bound to the roof. Such a device is shown in Fig. 2, Sheet 2, consisting of a metallic hook, m, which passes up through the substructure or roof-frame, enters the eye Z, and is held to the roof-frame by a pin passing transversely through that part of its shank which extends below said frame. In lieu of this device other means of fastening can be employed-as, for instance, a piece of wire passed through the eye l, with its ends carried down through the hole or slit in the roof-frame, and then twisted or knotted. In this way the tiles will be secured to the roof so firmly that they cannot be blown off by the wind, and they will, as well, make it very difcult, if not impossible, for burglars to remove them in order to break into or through the roof. l

It will be noted that the grooves are formed on the exterior face of the tile, while the ten-.

ons are on the under `face or side of the same.

\ In laying the tiles on a roof it is desirable that they should be placed so that those in one row will break joint with thosc in the row or rows adjoining.

I have thus described the manner in which I prefer to construct the tile as a whole. It will,

however, be understood that its construction may be varied without departurev from the principle of my invention. These variations may be not only in the respects heretofore intimated, butalso as regards the devices which form the peculiar beveled lapjoint between any two tiles. These devices are represented as formed on both the top and bottom and the side edges of the tiles, and it is in this form thatI prefer to use them. But cases may arise in which the beveled lap-joint will be required only between different rows of tiles, and not between tiles of the same row.. In this ease the devices to form thebeveled lap-joint would be formed only on the top and bottom edges of the tile, and not on its sides. Inlike manner the joint could be dispensed with at the endsthat is to say, the top and bottom edgesof the tiles, and applied only to the sides of the same.

What'I claim, therefore, is

As a new manufacture, roofing-tiles, provided at their ends or sides, or. both ends and sides, with grooves, tenons, and lapping pieces, constructed as shown and described, to form the herein-specified beveled lapjoint between the contiguous edges of any two tiles.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

B. MOMENTHY.

Witnesses A. PoLLoK, EWELL DICK. 

